What aspect of intelligence did Cattell introduce that contrasts with traditional views?

Cattell introduced the distinction between crystallized and fluid intelligence, which contrasts with traditional views of intelligence that often focus on a singular measure of cognitive ability. Crystallized intelligence refers to the knowledge and skills that a person acquires through experience and education, such as vocabulary, general knowledge, and cultural understanding. In contrast, fluid intelligence involves the capacity to think logically and solve problems in novel situations, independent of acquired knowledge.

This distinction is significant because it acknowledges that intelligence is multifaceted and not just a measure of one’s ability to perform on standardized tests. Cattell's work highlighted the importance of both types of intelligence, suggesting that individuals may excel in different areas and that intelligence can develop in response to different life experiences and learning environments. This nuanced understanding has implications for educational practices and psychological assessments, promoting a broader view of intelligence that values diverse abilities and potentials in individuals.