What is the central idea of Carl Rogers' theory in psychology?

The central idea of Carl Rogers' theory in psychology revolves around the concept of unconditional positive regard. Rogers emphasized the importance of acceptance and support in fostering an individual’s self-actualization and personal development. He believed that when individuals receive unconditional positive regard from others, particularly during their formative years, they develop a positive self-concept and are more likely to grow towards their full potential. This acceptance allows a person to feel safe in exploring their identities and experiences without fear of rejection or disapproval, which is critical for healthy psychological development.

By contrast, the other options do not align with Rogers' core beliefs. Self-control and genetic factors may play roles in personality development, but they are not central tenets of Rogers' humanistic approach. Similarly, the notion of behavior being learned primarily through observation connects more closely to theories by figures like Albert Bandura, rather than being a focus of Rogers' work. His main contribution was highlighting the significance of relational dynamics and personal feelings in psychological growth, which is encapsulated by the principle of unconditional positive regard.